Nau'ukan Maganin Kansa: Bayyani

Bayani mai sauƙi

Akwai nau'ukan maganin kansa da yawa. Wasu mutanen da ke da kansa suna samun magani guda ɗaya kawai. Amma yawancin mutane suna samun haɗakar magunguna. Wani misali na yau da kullun shine tiyata tare da chemotherapy da radiation therapy.

Nau'ukan magungunan da za ka samu sun dogara ne akan abubuwa biyu. Sun dogara akan nau'in kansar da kake da shi. Har ila yau, sun dogara akan yadda ta yi tsanani.

Yawancin mutanen da ke da kansa suna samun fiye da nau'in magani guda ɗaya.

Manyan nau'ukan magani

National Cancer Institute ta lissafa manyan nau'ukan maganin kansa da dama:

• Chemotherapy tana kashe kansa da sauran sel masu saurin girma, ko ta dakatar da girmansu.
• Hormone therapy tana rage ko dakatar da girman kansar nono da prostate waɗanda ke amfani da hormones domin girma.
• Hyperthermia tana zafafa kyallayen jiki domin taimakawa wajen lalata da kashe sel na kansa.
• Immunotherapy tana taimaka wa garkuwar jikinka wajen fafutukar da kansa.
• Photodynamic therapy tana amfani da magani da haske ke kunnawa domin kashe kansa da sauran sel marasa al'ada.
• Radiation therapy tana amfani da radiation mai ƙarfi domin kashe sel na kansa da rage girman ƙuduri (tumor).
• Dashen sel na asali (stem cell/blood stem cell transplants) yana maido da sel na asali masu samar da jini. Ana amfani da su ga mutanen da aka lalatar da nasu ta hanyar yawan chemotherapy ko radiation therapy.
• Tiyata hanya ce da likitan tiyata ke cire kansa daga jikinka.
• Targeted therapy tana kai hari kan canje-canjen da ke cikin sel na kansa waɗanda ke taimaka musu girma, rabuwa, da yaɗuwa.

Yadda ake zaɓar maganinka

Magungunan da za ka samu sun dogara ne akan nau'in kansar da kake da shi. Har ila yau, sun dogara akan yadda ta yi tsanani. Kowace kansa tana da bambanci. Don haka, mutane biyu da ke da kansa na iya samun tsare-tsaren magani daban-daban sosai.

Gwajin biomarker wata kayan aiki ce da za ta iya taimakawa. Zai iya taimaka maka da likitanka zaɓar maganin kansa da ya dace da kai.

Tsarin maganinka an gina shi ne bisa ga takamaiman kansarka, ba wata hanya guda da ta dace da kowa ba.

Kwatanta zaɓuɓɓuka

Wasu bincike suna faruwa ne lokacin da mutum yake ƙoƙarin kwatanta hanyoyi biyu. Waɗannan jagororin suna bayyana wuraren yanke shawara: immunotherapy da chemotherapy, targeted therapy da chemotherapy, radiation da chemotherapy, lumpectomy da mastectomy, sa ido kawai (active surveillance) da magani, gwajin asibiti (clinical trial) da magani na yau da kullun, maintenance therapy da magani mai aiki, radiation da tiyata don kansar prostate, chemo kafin ko bayan tiyata, proton therapy da radiation na yau da kullun, SBRT da tiyata, da dashi (transplant) da CAR T-cell therapy.

Kafin zaɓi, yana da kyau a kawo jerin tambayoyi na musamman. Kowane shafin magani yana da nasa: chemotherapy, immunotherapy, ko gwajin biomarker.

Magani bisa mataki da sunayen tsarin magani (regimen)

Da zarar an sami sakamakon gano mataki da biomarker, mutane da yawa suna son duba bayani na musamman ga kansarsu. Fara da jagororin magani-bisa-mataki don: kansar nono, kansar huhu, kansar hanji (colon), kansar prostate, kansar pancreas, kansar ovaries, melanoma, kansar mafitsara, kansar koda, da kansar endometrium.

Wannan rukunin yanzu ya kuma haɗa da ƙarin cututtukan kansa: kansar mahaifa (cervical), kansar hanta, kansar ciki, kansar esophagus, kansar thyroid, kansar testicular, ƙuduri na kwakwalwa, lymphoma, cutar sankarar jini (leukemia), multiple myeloma, sarcoma, da kansar wuya da kai.

Fom ɗin izininka ko portal ɗinka na iya lissafa sunan wani tsarin magani. Waɗannan bayanan suna fassara sunayen tsarin magani da nau'ikan magunguna da aka saba amfani da su: FOLFOX, FOLFIRINOX, R-CHOP, ABVD, AC-T, Carboplatin-Taxol, masu hana PARP (PARP inhibitors), da masu hana CDK4/6 (CDK4/6 inhibitors).

Ƙarin koyo game da kansarka

Kana son sanin yadda ake magance wata kansa ta musamman? National Cancer Institute na ba da bayanan maganin kansa ga cututtukan kansa na manya da yara.

Idan kana shirin ganawa da likita, yana da kyau a kawo tambayoyi tare da kai. NCI na ba da jerin tambayoyin da za ka tambayi likitanka game da magani. Zai iya taimaka maka wajen tattaunawa da likitanka da koyon ƙarin bayani game da zaɓuɓɓukan maganinka.

Kawo tambayoyi zuwa ganawarka na iya taimaka maka fahimtar zaɓuɓɓukanka.

Bayanan tsarin magani (regimen)

Fom ɗin izininka na iya lissafa sunan wani tsarin magani. Waɗannan shafuka suna bayyana abin da za a tambaya: FLOT, CAPOX/XELOX, FOLFOX da FOLFIRI, AC-T, TC, carboplatin-Taxol don kansar ovaries, R-CHOP kwana-da-kwana, da maintenance therapy don myeloma.