What is chemo brain?

Chemo brain is a term some people use for memory or concentration problems—sometimes described as a mental fog—that can happen with cancer treatment. It means having difficulty with thinking, concentrating, or remembering things.

Whether you have these problems depends on the type of treatment you receive, your age, and other health-related factors. Cancer treatments such as chemotherapy may cause them, and so can some types of radiation therapy to the brain and immunotherapy. These cognitive problems may start during or after treatment. Some people notice very small changes, such as a bit more difficulty remembering things, while others have much greater problems.

It's important for you or a family member to tell your healthcare team about any memory or thinking changes. Your doctor will assess your symptoms and advise you, and treating conditions such as poor nutrition, anxiety, depression, fatigue, and insomnia may also help. There are also everyday steps—like planning your day, exercising your body and mind, and using lists and planners—that can help manage minor problems.